Nthawi ina, Edison, monga woyambitsa wamkulu kwambiri m'mabuku ophunzirira, nthawi zonse amakhala mlendo wokhazikika pakulemba kwa pulayimale.

ndi ophunzira aku sekondale.Tesla, kumbali ina, nthawi zonse anali ndi nkhope yosadziwika bwino, ndipo anali kusukulu ya sekondale yokha

adakumana ndi gulu lotchedwa dzina lake mu kalasi ya physics.

Koma pakufalikira kwa intaneti, Edison wakula kwambiri, ndipo Tesla wakhala wosamvetsetseka.

wasayansi wofanana ndi Einstein m'malingaliro a anthu ambiri.Zodandaula zawo zakhalanso nkhani m’makwalala.

Lero tiyamba ndi nkhondo yamagetsi yomwe idayambika pakati pa awiriwa.Sitilankhula zamalonda kapena za anthu

mitima, koma amangolankhula za mfundo izi wamba ndi zosangalatsa kuchokera mfundo luso.

Monga tonse tikudziwira, pankhondo yomwe ilipo pakati pa Tesla ndi Edison, Edison adagonjetsa Tesla, koma pamapeto pake.

zinalephera mwaukadaulo, ndipo kusinthasintha kwapano kunakhala nduna yayikulu yamagetsi.Tsopano ana akudziwa zimenezo

Mphamvu ya AC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba, ndiye chifukwa chiyani Edison adasankha mphamvu ya DC?Kodi njira yamagetsi ya AC idayimira bwanji

ndi Tesla kumenya DC?

Tisanalankhule za nkhaniyi, choyamba tiyenera kufotokoza momveka bwino kuti Tesla si amene anayambitsa ma alternating current.Faraday

adadziwa njira yopangira ma alternating current pamene adaphunzira chodabwitsa cha electromagnetic induction mu 1831,

Tesla asanabadwe.Pamene Tesla anali wachinyamata, ma alternators akuluakulu anali atakhalapo.

M'malo mwake, zomwe Tesla adachita zinali pafupi kwambiri ndi Watt, zomwe zinali kukonza njira yosinthira kuti ikhale yoyenera kwa akulu akulu.

Makina amagetsi a AC.Ichinso ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zathandizira kupambana kwa dongosolo la AC pankhondo yamakono.Mofananamo,

Edison sanali woyambitsa majenereta apakali pano komanso achindunji, koma adachitanso gawo lofunikira pakuwongolera

kukwezedwa kwa Direct current.

Chifukwa chake, si nkhondo yochuluka pakati pa Tesla ndi Edison monga nkhondo pakati pa machitidwe awiri amagetsi ndi bizinesi.

magulu kumbuyo kwawo.

PS: Ndikuyang'ana zambiri, ndidawona kuti anthu ena adanena kuti Raday adapanga njira yoyamba padziko lapansi -

ndijenereta ya disc.Ndipotu mawu amenewa ndi olakwika.Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku chithunzi chojambula kuti jenereta ya disk ndi

DC jenereta.

Chifukwa chiyani Edison anasankha mwachindunji panopa

Mphamvu yamagetsi imatha kugawidwa m'magawo atatu: kutulutsa mphamvu (jenereta) - kufalitsa mphamvu (kugawa)

(transformers,mizere, ma switch, etc.) - kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu (zida zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi).

M'nthawi ya Edison (1980s), makina amagetsi a DC anali ndi jenereta yokhwima ya DC yopangira magetsi, ndipo palibe chosinthira chomwe chimafunikira.

zakutumizira mphamvu, bola ngati mawaya amangidwa.

Ponena za katundu, nthawi imeneyo aliyense ankagwiritsa ntchito magetsi pa ntchito ziwiri, kuyatsa ndi kuyendetsa galimoto.Kwa nyali za incandescent

amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyatsa,bola mphamvu yamagetsi ikakhazikika, zilibe kanthu kaya ndi DC kapena AC.Ponena za ma mota, chifukwa chaukadaulo,

Ma injini a AC sanagwiritsidwe ntchitomalonda, ndipo aliyense akugwiritsa ntchito ma mota a DC.M'malo awa, magetsi a DC amatha kukhala

akuti njira zonse ziwiri.Kuphatikiza apo, pakali pano pali mwayi womwe kusintha kwapano sikungafanane, ndipo ndikoyenera kusungidwa,

bola pali batire,akhoza kusungidwa.Ngati mphamvu yoperekera mphamvu ikulephera, imatha kusintha mwachangu ku batri kuti ikhale ndi magetsi

nkhani yadzidzidzi.Zathu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchitoDongosolo la UPS kwenikweni ndi batire la DC, koma limasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu ya AC kumapeto

kudzera muukadaulo wamagetsi amagetsi.Ngakhale magetsindi malo ocheperako ayenera kukhala ndi mabatire a DC kuti atsimikizire mphamvu

kupezeka kwa zida zofunika.

Ndiye, kodi kusintha kwanyengo kunkawoneka bwanji kalelo?Tinganene kuti palibe amene angamenyane.Majenereta okhwima a AC - kulibe;

thiransifoma kufalitsa mphamvu - mphamvu yotsika kwambiri (kukayika ndi kutayikira komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kapangidwe kachitsulo kakang'ono ndi kwakukulu);

kwa ogwiritsa ntchito,ngati ma motors a DC alumikizidwa ndi mphamvu ya AC, amakhalabe Pafupifupi, amatha kuonedwa ngati chokongoletsera.

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi chidziwitso cha wogwiritsa ntchito - kukhazikika kwa magetsi kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.Sikuti zosintha zokha sizingasungidwe

monga mwachindunjipanopa, koma makina amakono amagwiritsa ntchito katundu wotsatizana panthawiyo, ndipo kuwonjezera kapena kuchotsa katundu pamzerewo kungatheke.

kusintha kusintha kwavoteji ya mzere wonse.Palibe amene amafuna kuti mababu awo azigwedezeka pamene magetsi oyandikana nawo amayatsidwa ndikuzimitsidwa.

Momwe Kusintha Kwakanthawi Kwakayambira

Zipangizo zamakono zikupita patsogolo, ndipo posakhalitsa, mu 1884, anthu a ku Hungary anapanga thiransifoma yotsekedwa yogwira ntchito kwambiri.Chuma chachitsulo cha

transformer iyiimapanga gawo lathunthu la maginito, lomwe limatha kusintha kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a thiransifoma ndikupewa kutaya mphamvu.

Ndi chimodzimodzikapangidwe ngati thiransifoma yomwe timagwiritsa ntchito masiku ano.Nkhani zokhazikika zimathetsedwanso monga mndandanda wazinthu zoperekera

m'malo ndi parallel supply system.Ndi mwayi uwu, Tesla pomalizira pake adabwera, ndipo adapanga njira ina yothandiza

zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mtundu watsopano wa transformer.M'malo mwake, nthawi yomweyo Tesla, panali ma patent angapo opangidwa okhudzana

kwa ma alternators, koma Tesla anali ndi zabwino zambiri, ndipo adayamikiridwa ndiWestinghouse ndi kukwezedwa pamlingo waukulu.

Ponena za kufunika kwa magetsi, ngati palibe kufunika, ndiye pangani kufunika.Mphamvu yamagetsi yam'mbuyomu ya AC inali gawo limodzi la AC,

ndi Teslaadapanga injini yamitundu yambiri ya AC asynchronous motor, yomwe idapatsa AC mwayi wowonetsa maluso ake.

Pali maubwino ambiri osinthira magawo osiyanasiyana, monga mawonekedwe osavuta komanso mtengo wotsika wa mizere yotumizira ndi magetsi.

zida,ndipo yapadera kwambiri ndi yoyendetsa galimoto.Mipikisano gawo alternating panopa wapangidwa sinusoidal alternating panopa ndi

mbali ina ya gawokusiyana.Monga tonse tikudziwa, kusintha kwamakono kungapangitse kusintha kwa maginito.Kusintha kusintha.Ngati ndi

dongosolo ndi lomveka, maginitomunda udzazungulira pafupipafupi.Ngati itagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mota, imatha kuyendetsa rotor kuti izungulira,

yomwe ndi injini yamitundu yambiri ya AC.Galimoto yopangidwa ndi Tesla kutengera mfundo iyi sifunikanso kupereka mphamvu yamaginito

rotor, yomwe imathandizira kwambiri kapangidwe kakendi mtengo wa injini.Chochititsa chidwi, galimoto yamagetsi ya Musk "Tesla" imagwiritsanso ntchito AC asynchronous

ma motors, mosiyana ndi magalimoto amagetsi a dziko langa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kwambirima synchronous motors.

Titafika kuno, tidapeza kuti mphamvu ya AC yakhala ikufanana ndi DC pankhani yopangira magetsi, kutumiza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito,

ndiye zidakwera bwanji kumwamba ndikutenga msika wonse wamagetsi?

Chinsinsi chagona pa mtengo wake.Kusiyana kwa imfa mu njira kufala kwa awiriwa kwathunthu anakulitsa kusiyana pakati

Kutumiza kwa DC ndi AC.

Ngati mwaphunzira chidziwitso chofunikira chamagetsi, mudzadziwa kuti pakutumiza mphamvu kwakutali, kutsika kwamagetsi kumatsogolera

kutayika kwakukulu.Kutayika kumeneku kumachokera ku kutentha komwe kumapangidwa ndi kukana kwa mzere, zomwe zidzawonjezera mtengo wamagetsi opanda pake.

Mphamvu yotulutsa ya Edison's DC jenereta ndi 110V.Mpweya wochepa woterewu umafuna kuti malo opangira magetsi ayikidwe pafupi ndi wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense.Mu

madera omwe ali ndi magetsi akuluakulu komanso ogwiritsa ntchito wandiweyani, mphamvu zamagetsi zimakhala ndi makilomita ochepa chabe.Mwachitsanzo, Edison

adamanga makina oyamba opangira magetsi a DC ku Beijing mu 1882, omwe amatha kupereka mphamvu kwa ogwiritsa ntchito mkati mwa 1.5km kuzungulira malo opangira magetsi.

Osanenapo za mtengo wazinthu zamafakitale amagetsi ambiri, gwero lamagetsi lamagetsi ndi vuto lalikulu.Panthawi imeneyo,

pofuna kupulumutsa ndalama, zinali bwino kumanga magetsi pafupi ndi mitsinje, kuti athe kupanga magetsi mwachindunji kuchokera kumadzi.Komabe,

kuti apereke magetsi kumadera akutali ndi madzi, mphamvu yotentha iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga magetsi, ndi mtengo wake

malasha oyaka nawonso achuluka kwambiri.

Vuto linanso limayamba chifukwa chotengera mphamvu zakutali.Kutalika kwa mzerewo, kukana kwakukulu, mphamvu zambiri

dontho pamzere, ndipo mphamvu ya wogwiritsa ntchito kumapeto kwenikweni ikhoza kukhala yotsika kwambiri kotero kuti sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito.Njira yokhayo ndiyo kuonjezera

mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu yamagetsi, koma ipangitsa kuti magetsi a ogwiritsa ntchito pafupi akhale okwera kwambiri, ndipo ndichite chiyani ngati zida

yapsa?

Palibe vuto ngati alternating current.Bola ngati thiransifoma ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa voteji, kufalitsa mphamvu kwa makumi khumi

makilomita palibe vuto.Dongosolo loyamba lamagetsi la AC ku North America litha kugwiritsa ntchito voliyumu ya 4000V kupereka mphamvu kwa ogwiritsa ntchito mtunda wa 21km.

Pambuyo pake, pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi a Westinghouse AC, zinali zotheka kuti mathithi a Niagara agwire Fabro, pamtunda wa makilomita 30.

Tsoka ilo, mphamvu yachindunji sikungakwezedwe motere.Chifukwa mfundo yomwe imatengedwa ndi AC boost ndi electromagnetic induction,

Mwachidule, kusintha kwamakono kumbali imodzi ya thiransifoma kumapanga kusintha kwa maginito, ndi kusintha kwa maginito

imapanga magetsi osinthika (electromotive force) mbali inayo.Chofunikira kuti transformer igwire ntchito ndikuti yomwe ilipo iyenera

kusintha, zomwe ndizomwe DC ilibe.

Pambuyo pokumana ndi zochitika zaukadaulo izi, makina opangira magetsi a AC adagonjetseratu mphamvu ya DC ndi mtengo wake wotsika.

Kampani yamagetsi ya Edison's DC posakhalitsa idasinthidwa kukhala kampani ina yotchuka yamagetsi - General Electric yaku United States..